Bertopia

World History

Empires, trade and turning points across every continent

World History is a Bertopia flashcard pack of 66 cards: empires, trade and turning points across every continent. It covers ancient world; medieval world; early modern world; modern world.

Sample cards

Which writing system, pressed into clay with a stylus, was first developed by the Sumerians in Mesopotamia?
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Answer

Cuneiform
Cuneiform means wedge shaped, from the marks a stylus left in wet clay tablets. Thousands of these tablets survive and tell us about Mesopotamian life and law.
The House of Wisdom, where scholars translated Greek, Persian and Indian works into Arabic, was in which city?
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Answer

Baghdad
Under the Abbasid caliphs, scholars in Baghdad translated, corrected and expanded old Greek, Persian and Indian works, making the city a house of wisdom.
In 1526 Babur defeated the Delhi Sultanate. Which empire did he found?
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Answer

Mughal Empire
Babur, descended from Timur and Chinggis Khan, used artillery to beat a much larger Delhi Sultanate army and founded the Mughal Empire.
When Brazil declared independence from Portugal, what kind of state did it become?
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Answer

An empire, with Pedro I as emperor
Pedro, son of the Portuguese king, declared independence in 1822 and was crowned Emperor Pedro I of Brazil in Rio de Janeiro.
Ur, Knossos, Persepolis, Mohenjo-daro: name the city of the Indus Valley (Harappan) civilization.
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Answer

Mohenjo-daro
Mohenjo-daro, in present-day Pakistan, was one of the largest Harappan cities, known for its grid streets and drainage. Ur was Sumerian, Knossos Minoan and Persepolis Achaemenid Persian.
Mansa Musa's famous pilgrimage to Mecca showed off the gold wealth of which empire?
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Answer

Mali
Mansa Musa of Mali made his pilgrimage in 1324 to 1325. Some reports say he gave away so much gold in Cairo that prices there stayed high for over a decade.

Sources

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